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RJ45 Connector

SPICE Model Extraction Examples

$image\RJ45_Connector.gif$

General Description

This example shows the extraction of a SPICE compatible network model based on the S-parameter calculation of an RJ45 connection. The structure consists of the connector and the corresponding socket, each containing eight wires for the signal transmission. The wires of the socket are fixed to a substrate plate, every other of them additionally connected to a metallic ground plane. This provides some kind of shielding effect for the transmission of the wire signals.

Structure Generation

The structure is modelled in general by defining specific curves and finally extrude them to solid shapes. Hereby the advantage of the local coordinate system is used to determine the relative locations of the different created shapes. Identical elements are mirrored or multiplied and the loft functionality enables the construction of smooth strip line gradients.

General settings concerning the background material, the absorbing boundary condition and the units are defined by applying an appropriate project template for planar connector applications. Here also some mesh settings are optimized for planar structures.

Solver Setup

To start the transient solver the excitation sources have to be defined. All wires are terminated with discrete ports, enabling the analysis of the transmission behavior. Hereby each port is excited one after another using a Gaussian pulse to obtain broadband results for all wires.

Through the Post Processing: Signal Post Processing Network Parameters Transmission Line... dialog box four wires are defined for which a SPICE-compatible network model is generated. In this example network models for wires between ports 1 5, and 2 6, 3 7, and 4 8 are calculated.

A network model is extracted from existing S-Parameters. Pressing the Calculate button starts this process. If no S-Parameter result is present a solver run is performed for every wire (four times in this case), exciting every wire once.

Here this network parameter extraction is performed up to a frequency of 200 MHz considering five cascades.

Post Processing

Using the excitation of discrete ports the resulting time signals are automatically converted into the corresponding scattering parameters. They are listed in the navigation tree in the folder 1D Results and show the transmission behavior of the device, concerning effects like reflection and crosstalk.

The calculated values of the network elements can be shown by pressing the Show results button in the Post Processing: Signal Post Processing Network Parameters Transmission Line... dialog box.

The option Create Netlist uses these values to create a SPICE-compatible netlist. This netlist is then imported in CST DESIGN STUDIO as a "SPICE import block" and a SPICE calculation is performed. The resulting S-Parameters can be accessed via the S-Parameters entry in the navigation tree.

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